NATM

Category	Key Properties				Main Applications
Category	Density (g/cm3)	Melting Point (℃)	Boiling Point (℃)	Atomic Weight (g/mol)	Main Applications
Scandium (Sc)	2.985	1541	2836	44.956	High-strength aluminum alloys Scandium halide compounds Aircraft components
Yttrium (Y)	4.45	1526	3336	88.9059	Alloy material in metallic state Red phosphor, special glass High-temperature superconductors Electromagnetic filters, lasers Chemical catalysts
Lanthanum (La)	6.16	920	3464	138.9055	Nickel-metal hydride batteries Special glass Carbon arc Hydrogen storage alloys Steel alloys Chemical catalysts Pharmaceuticals
Cerium (Ce)	6.77	795	3443	140.116	Oxides Alloys Colorants and chemical reagents Industrial catalysts Glass polishing agents Phosphors Lasers
Praseodymium (Pr)	6.77	935	3520	140.9077	Colorants Welding protective glasses High-strength alloys for aircraft engines Carbon alloys
Neodymium (Nd)	7.01	1024	3074	144.242	High-strength magnets Infrared solid-state lasers Glass manufacturing
Promethium (Pm)	7.26	1042	3000	145	Material thickness gauges Signal light sources Nuclear batteries Radioactive luminous paint X-ray generators
Samarium (Sm)	7.52	1072	1794	150.36	Samarium-cobalt magnet additive Special optical glass Chemical catalysts and reagents
Europium (Eu)	5.234	826	1527	151.964	Laser crystals High-refractive-index glass
Gadolinium (Gd)	7.9	1313	3273	157.25	MRI contrast agents Neutron absorbers Emergency shutdown devices Microwave generators for microwaves Phosphors Computer memory Optical materials
Terbium (Tb)	8.229	1356	2560	162.5	Fluorescent lamp materials Green phosphors Magnetostrictive devices Electronic components High-temperature fuel cells Neodymium magnet additives
Dysprosium (Dy)	8.55	1407	2560	162.5	Neodymium magnet additives Nuclear reactor control rods Magnetostrictive alloys HD data storage materials Halide metal lamps Lasers
Holmium (Ho)	8.795	1470	2700	164.9303	Medical lasers Wavelength calibration standards for spectrometers Colorants for glass and cubic zirconia
Erbium (Er)	9.066	1529	2868	167.259	Medical lasers Colorants for glass and ceramics Vanadium alloys Nuclear reactor control rods
Thulium (Tm)	6.97	824	1196	173.05	Infrared solid-state lasers Glass manufacturing
Ytterbium (Yb)	6.97	824	1196	173.05	High-power lasers Steel alloys X-ray emission sources Optical fiber amplifiers Chemical catalysts
Lutetium (Lu)	9.84	1663	3400	174.9668	Petrochemical catalysts Positron emission tomography (PET) detectors Laser crystals High-refractive-index glass